A function is a self- contained block of executable code that can be called from any other function. In many programs, a set 0f statements are to be executed repeatedly at various places in the program and may with different sets of data, the idea of functions comes in mind. You keep those repeating statements in a function and call them as and when required .When a function...
Built in String Functions and applications
The header file string.h (<string.h>) contains some string manipulation functions.
Strlen Function
The Strlen function returns the length of a string.It takes the string name as argument.
n=strlen(str);
where str is name of the string and n is the length of the string ,return by strlen...
Display of Strings using different formatting techniques
The printf function with %s format is used to display the strings on the screen.For example ,the below statement display entire string:
printf("%s",name);
we
can also specify the accuracy with which character array (string) is
displayed .For example ,if you want to display first 5 characters...
Declaration and Initialisation of Strings
Strings in C are group of characters ,digits and symbols enclosed in quotation marks .The end of the string is marked with a special character,the'\0'(null),which has the decimal value 0.There is a difference between a character stored in memory and a single character string stored in a memory.The character requires only one byte whereas the single character string requires two bytes (one byte for...
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS
Multi dimensional array is an array in which more than one row and one column is present.Chess board is an example to two dimensional array.Two dimensional array use to indices to pinpoint an individual element of the array.This is very similar to what is called "algebraic notation ",commonly used...
ARRAY INITIALIZATION
Array can be initialized at the time of declaration.The initial values must appear in the order in which they will be assigned to the individual array elements,enclosed within the braces and separated by commas.
Syntax of array initialization :
data type array-name[size]={value 1,value 2......value...
Array
Array is a data structure storing a group of elements , all of which are of same data type.
All the elements of an array share the same name,and they are distinguished from one another with the help of an index.
Random access to every element using a numeric index.
A simple data structure,used...
The Continue statement
Unlike break statement,which is used to jump the control out of the loop,it is sometimes required to skip some part of the loop and to continue the execution
with next loop iteration.Continue statement used inside the loop helps to bypass the section of a loop and passes the control to the beginning...
The break statement
Sometimes,it is required to jump a loop irrespective of the conditional test value.Break statement is used inside any loop to allow the control jump to the immediate statement following the loop.The syntax is as follows:
break;
When nested loops are used,then the break jumps the control from the...
THE goto STATEMENT
The goto statement is used to alter the normal sequence of program instructions by transferring the control to some other portion of the program .The syntax is as follows:
goto label;
Here,label is an identifier that is used to label the statement to which control will be transferred.The targeted...
Loop Control Statements
Loop Control Statements are used when a section of code may either be executed a fixed number of times,or while same condition is true.C gives you a choice of three types of loop statements,while,do-while and for.
1) The while loop keeps repeating an action until an associated condition returns...
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